Product Owner Preparation Questions

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1. The Scrum Team must choose at least one high priority process improvement item, identified during the Sprint Retrospective, and place it in the Sprint Backlog

True or False

A) True
B) False


2. When might a Sprint be abnormally cancelled?

A) When it becomes clear that not everything will be finished by the end of the sprint.
B) When the sprint goal becomes obsolete.
C) When the Developers feel that the work is too hard.
D) When the sales department has an important new opportunity.


3. The timebox for the Sprint Review is:

A) 4 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter
B) 1 day
C) As long as needed.
D) 2 hours
E) 4 hours and longer as needed.


4. It is mandatory that the product Increment be released to production at the end of each Sprint.

True or False

A) True
B) False


5. Who is responsible for managing the progress of work during a Sprint?

Choose the best answer

A) The most junior member of the team.
B) The Developers.
C) The Product Owner.
D) The Scrum Master.


6. Who is on the Scrum Team?

Choose the best three answers

A) Developers.
B) The Scrum Master.
C) Project Manager.
D) The Product Owner.


7. When should the Developers on a Scrum Team be replaced?

Choose the best answer

A) As needed, with no special allowance for changes in productivity.
B) As needed, while taking into account a short-term reduction in productivity.
C) Never, it reduces productivity.
D) Every Sprint to promote shared learning.


8. Which Scrum events are timeboxed?

Choose the best three answers

A) Sprint Planning.
B) Refinement.
C) Sprint Review.
D) Sprint Testing.
E) Release Testing.
F) Release Retrospective.
G) Sprint Retrospective.


9. What is the recommended size for a Scrum Team?

Choose the best answer

A) 7 plus or minus 2
B) Minimum of 7.
C) Typically 10 or fewer people.
D) 9.


10. The Purpose of a Sprint is to produce a valuable and useful Increment of working product

True or False

A) True
B) False


11. Who creates the Definition of Done?

Chose the best answer

A) The Scrum Master since they are responsible for the productivity of the Developers.
B) The Scrum Team, in collaborative effort where the result is the common denominator of all members ideations.
The Product Owner since they are responsible for product's success.
D) If it is not an organizational standard, the Scrum Team must create a Definition of Done appropriate for the product.


12. The timebox for the Sprint Planning event is?

Choose the best answer

A) 4 hours.
B) Monthly.
C) 8 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.
D) Whenever is it done.


13. The CEO asks the Developers to add a "very important" item to a sprint that is in progress. What should the Developers do?

Choose the best answer

A) Add the item to the current Sprint and drop an item of equal size.
B) Inform the other members of the Scrum Team so the team can decide what to do.
C) Add the item to the next Sprint.
D) Add the item to the current Sprint without any adjustments


14. Which statement best describes the Sprint Review?

Choose the best answer

A) It is a mechanism to control Developer activity during a Sprint.
B) It is when the Scrum Team and stakeholders inspect the outcome of a Sprint and figure out what to do next.
C) It is a demo at the end of the Sprint for everyone in the organization to check on the work done.


15. What are two ways a Scrum Master serves to enable effective Scrum Teams?

Choose the best two answers

A) By keeping high value features high in the Product Backlog.
B) By facilitating Developer decision-making.
C) By starting and ending the meetings at the proper time.
D) By removing impediments that hinder the Scrum Team.


16. The Developers should not be interrupted during the Sprint and the Sprint Goal should remain intact. These are conditions that foster creativity, quality and productivity.

Which one if the following answers is false?

A) As a decomposition of the selected Product Backlog items, the Sprint Backlog changes and may grow as the work emerges.
B) The Product Owner can help clarify or optimize the Sprint when asked by the Developers.
C) The Developers may work with the Product Owner to remove or add work if they finds they have more or less capacity than expected.
D) The Sprint Backlog is fully formulated in the Sprint Planning event and does not change during the Sprint.


17. The three pillars of empiricism are:

Choose the best answer

A) Planning, Inspection, Adaptation.
B) Transparency, Eliminating Waste, Kaizen.
C) Inspection, Transparency, Adaptation.
D) Planning, Demonstration, Retrospective.
E) Respect for People, Kaizen, Eliminating Waste.


18. When is a Sprint over?

Choose the best answer

A) When all tasks are completed
B) When the timebox expires.
C) When all Product Backlog items meet their Definition of Done.
D) When the Product Owner says it is done.


19. Upon what type of process control is Scrum based?

Choose the best answer

A) Defined.
B) Empirical.
C) Hybrid.
D) Complex.


20. During a Sprint a Developer determines that the Scrum Team will not be able to complete the items in their forecast. Who should be present to review and adjust the Product Backlog items selected?

Choose the best answer

A) The Product Owner and the Developers.
B) The Scrum Master, the project manager and the Developers.
C) The Product Owner and all stakeholders.
D) The Developers.


21. How much work must the Developers complete for each Product Backlog item they select for a Sprint?

Choose the best answer

A) Analysis, design, programming, testing and documentation.
B) As much as it can fit into the Sprint.
C) All development work and at least some testing.
D) Enough so that each Program Backlog item they select meets the Definition of Done.


22. Scrum has role called "Project manager".

True or False

A) True
B) False


23. The timebox for a Daily Scrum is?

Choose the best answer

A) Two minutes per person.
B) 15 minutes
C) 4 hours.
D) The same time of day every day.
E) 15 minutes for a 4-week sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.


24. A Scrum Team consists of the following:

Choose the best three answers

A) Developers.
B) Product Owner.
C) Users.
D) Scrum Master.
E) Customers.


25. Who should know the most about the progress toward a business objective or a release, and be able to explain the alternatives most clearly?

Choose the best answer

A) The Project Manager.
B) The Product Owner.
C) The Scrum Master.
D) Developers.


26. The Product Backlog is ordered by:

Choose the best answer

A) Whatever is deemed most appropriate by the Product Owner.
B) Least valuable items at the top to most valuable at the bottom.
C) Items are randomly arranged.
D) Risk, where safer items are at the top, and riskier items are at the bottom.


27. Which of the following services is appropriate for a Scrum Master in regard to the Daily Scrum?

Choose the best answer

A) Teach the Developers to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15 minute timebox.
B) All answers apply.
C) Facilitate in a way that ensures each team member has a chance to speak.
D) Ensure that all 3 questions have been answered.
E) Lead the discussion of the Developers


28. Which statement best describes Scrum?

Choose the best answer

A) A framework for creating complex products in complex environments.
B) A defined and predictive process that conforms to the principles of Scientific Management.
C) A complete methodology that defines how to develop software.
D) A cookbook that defines best practices for software development.


29. When does a Developer become the sole owner of a Sprint Backlog item?

Choose the best answer

A) Whenever a team member can accommodate more work.
B) At the Sprint Planning event.
C) Never. All Sprint Backlog items are "owned" by the Developers on the Scrum Team even though each item may be implemented by an individual Developer.
D) During the Daily Scrum.


30. Which statement best describes a Product Owner's Responsibility

Choose the best answer

A) Directing the Developers.
B) Optimizing the value of the work the Scrum Team does.
C) Managing the project and ensuring that the work meets the commitments to the stakeholders.
D) Keep stakeholders from distracting the Developers.


31. Who is required to attend the Daily Scrum?

Choose the best answer

A) The Developers.
B) The Developers and Product Owner.
C) The Scrum Team.
D) The Developers and Scrum Master.
E) The Scrum Master and Product Owner.


32. When does the next Sprint begin?

Choose the best answer

A) When the Product Owner is ready.
B) Next Monday.
C) Immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
D) Immediately following the next Sprint Planning.


33. Which two things should the Scrum Team do during the first Sprint?

Choose the best two answers

A) Determine the complete architecture and infrastructure for the product.
B) Create the complete Product Backlog to be developed in subsequent Sprints.
C) Deliver an Increment of useful and valuable product.
D) Develop and deliver at least one piece of functionality.
E) Develop a plan for the rest of the release.


34. When many Scrum Teams are working on a single product, what best describes the Definition of Done?

Choose the best answer

A) All Scrum Teams must have a Definition of Done that makes their combined Increment valuable and useful.
B) It depends.
C) Each Scrum Team uses its own but must make sure their definition clear to all other teams so the differences are known.


35. The length of a Sprint should be:

Choose the best answer

A) Short enough to keep business risk acceptable to the Product Owner.
B) Short enough to be able to synchronize the development work with other business events.
C) One month or less.
D) All of the above.


36. What is the main reason for the Scrum Master to be at the Daily Scrum?

Choose the best answer

A) To make sure every team member answers the three questions.
B) To gather status and progress information to report to management.
C) He or she does not have to be there; he or she only has to ensure the Developers have a Daily Scrum.
D) To write down any changes to the Sprint Backlog, including adding new items and tracking progress on the burn-down.


37. Select three incorrect, untrue, or misleading statements about Scrum:

Choose the best three answers

A) Scrum is a framework for developing and sustaining complex products.
B) Each component of Scrum serves a specific purpose and is essential to your ability to use Scrum to develop complex products.
C) Scrum is a methodology where you can pick and choose which parts of Scrum you think will work for your environment.
D) Scrum is a framework that eliminates complexity.
E) Scrum is based on empirical process control theory.
F) Scrum is like traditional processes but with self-organization to replace Project Managers.


38. An organization has decided to adopt Scrum, but management wants to change the terminology to fit the terminology already used. What will likely happen if this is done?

Choose the best answer

A) Without a new vocabulary as a reminder of the change, very little change may actually happen.
B) The organization may not understand what has changed with Scrum and the benefits of Scrum may be lost.
C) Management may feel less anxious.
D) All of the above.


39. When multiple Scrum Teams work together on the same product, each team should maintain a separate Product Backlog

True or False

A) True
B) False


40. When does a Developer become accountable for the value of a Product Backlog item selected for the Sprint?

Choose the best answer

A) Whenever a team member can accommodate more work.
B) At the Sprint Planning Event.
C) Never. The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating value every Sprint.
D) During the Daily Scrum.


41. The Developers should have all the skills needed to:

Choose the best answer

A) Turn the Product Backlog Items they select into an Increment of useful and valuable product functionality.
B) Do all of the development work, except for specialized testing that requires additional tools and environments.
C) Complete the project as estimated when the date and cost are committed to the Product Owner.


42. Why is the Daily Scrum held at the same time and same place?

Choose the best answer

A) Rooms are hard to book and this lets it be booked in advance.
B) The consistency reduces complexity.
C) The Product Owner demands it.
D) The place can be named.


43. What is the role of Management in Scrum?

Choose the best answer

A) Continually monitor staffing levels of the Scrum Team.
B) Identify and remove people that are not working hard enough.
C) Monitor the progress of the Developers on the Scrum Team.
D) Support the Product Owner with insights and information into high value product and system capabilities. Support the Scrum Master to cause organizational change that fosters empiricism, self-management, bottom-up intelligence, and intelligent release of software.


44. What does it mean to say that an event has a timebox?

Choose the best answer

A) The event must take at least a minimum amount of time.
B) The event can take no more than a maximum amount of time.
C) The event must happen at a set time.
D) The event must happen by a given time.


45. Which of the following are examples of a Scrum Team practicing Scrum poorly or not exhibiting traits of a self-managing Scrum Team?

Choose the best three answers

A) The Developers are working within the boundaries of their organization's functional description and nicely handing off work from analyst to developer to tester to integration.
B) The Developers have all the skills they need to create a valuable, useful Increment.
C) The Developers create their own Sprint Backlog, reflecting all work that is required to meet the Definition of Done.
D) The Developers are collaboratively selecting their own work during the Sprint
E) The Developers invite external stakeholders to the Sprint Planning to ask them how to turn a Product Backlog item into an Increment via a complete and detailed Sprint Backlog.
F) Stakeholders attend the Daily Srum to check on the Scrum Team's progress.


46. A Scrum Team consists of the following:

Choose the best three answers

A) Product Owner.
B) Developers.
C) Customers.
D) Scrum Master.
E) Users.


1a. What variables should a Product Owner consider when ordering the Product Backlog?

(choose the best answer)

A. Effort first, then value.
B. The availability of resources and skills for implementation.
C. Development cohesion as indicated by the Developers.
D. Anything that informs them to achieve the product's goals and to optimize the value delivered.
E. Lowest development cost in order to maximize Return on Investment (ROI).


2a. In order to make investment decisions, the Product Owner is likely to look at the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of the product being built. What costs will a Product Owner take into account?

(choose the best answer)

A. The accumulated cost over the earned value the product.
B. The money spent on development and delivery of the product.
C. All investments required to conceive, develop, operate and maintain the product.


3a. What two things best help the Product Owner manage the value of a product?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Setting value on individual Product Backlog items using Value Poker.
B. Validating assumptions of value through frequent releases.
C. Devising a formula for a neutral calculation of value.
D. The order of the Product Backlog.


4a. When can the Product Backlog be updated?

(choose the best answer)

A. At any time when done by the Product Owner or a delegate.
B. Never, unless agreed to by the change request.
C. Only during Product Backlog refinement sessions if the Product Owner is present.
D. Only after a Sprint Review if agreed to by the stakeholders.


5a. What is the Product Owner accountable for in Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. Describing an Increment at Sprint Planning and making sure that the Developers deliver it by the end of the Sprint.
B. Writing the User Stories so they are comprehensive enough for the stakeholders.
C. Maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team.
D. Refining the top level Product Backlog items until they are ready to be handed over to the Scrum Team.


6a. What best describes the relationship of the Product Owner and the stakeholders?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Product Owner has the final call over the requirements and should involve the stakeholders as little as possible.
B. The Product Owner provides the stakeholders with acceptance forms at the Sprint Review to record their formal agreement over the delivered software.
C. The Product Owner actively asks for stakeholder input and expectations to incorporate into the Product Backlog.
D. The Product Owner writes the User Stories as provided by the stakeholders.


7a. Who creates the Definition of Done?

(choose the best answer)

A. The organization (or the Scrum Team if none is available from the organization).
B. The Scrum Master as they are responsible for the Scrum Team's productivity.
C. The Scrum Team, in a collaborative effort where the result is the common denominator of all members' definitions.
D. The Product Owner as they are responsible for the product's success.


8a. The Product Owner manages the Product Backlog. Who is accountable for estimating the effort to complete the Product Backlog items?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Developers.
B. The Product Owner.
C. The PMO.


9a. When does a Developer become accountable for the value of a Product Backlog item selected for the Sprint?

(choose the best answer)

A. During the Daily Scrum.
B. At the Sprint Planning Event.
C. Whenever a team member can accommodate more work.
D. Never. The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating value every Sprint.


10a. Which description best fits the role of the Product Owner?

(choose the best answer)

A. Chief Business Analyst.
B. Requirements Collector.
C. Project Manager 2.0.
D. Scope Protector.
E. Value Maximizer.


11a. True or False: The Scrum Team must choose at least one high priority process improvement item, identified during the Sprint Retrospective, and place it in the Sprint Backlog.

A. True
B. False


12a. The Developers find out during the Sprint that they are not likely to build everything they forecast. What would you expect a Product Owner to do?

(choose the best answer)

A. Re-negotiate the selected Product Backlog items with the Developers.
B. Cancel the Sprint.
C. Change the Sprint Goal.
D. Inform management that more resources are needed.
E. Skip Product Backlog refinement activities.


13a. To what extent does technical debt limit the value a Product Owner can get from a product?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Technical debt is not a Product Owner concern, technical debt is only an issue for the Developers.
B. Technical debt causes a greater percentage of the product's budget to be spent on maintenance of the product.
C. Technical debt does not influence the delivery of value.
D. The velocity at which new functionality can be created is reduced when you have technical debt.


14a. Is the Product Owner required to be present at the Sprint Retrospective?

(choose the best answer)

A. Their attendance is mandatory. The Sprint Retrospective is an opportunity for the Scrum Team to assess and improve itself.
B. They are not allowed. The Sprint Retrospective is an opportunity for the Developers to improve.
C. They are optional. Attendance is only required when the Product Owner gets invited by the Scrum Master.


15a. True or False: A Product Owner is essentially the same thing as a traditional Project Manager?

A. True
B. False


16a. It is mandatory for the Product Owner to monitor and share progress of the Product Backlog by using which method?

(choose the best answer)

A. A Product or Release burn-down chart.
B. A Value burn-up chart.
C. A Gantt chart.
D. Any practice based on trends of work completed and upcoming work.
E. A Sprint Review acceptance report.


17a. How does an organization know that a product built using Scrum is successful?

(choose the best answer)

A. By releasing frequently, and measuring the value customers/users experience.
B. By the Product Owner and stakeholders accepting the Increment at the Sprint Review.
C. By measuring the actual time spent on development versus the time estimated for development.
D. By measuring that velocity has increased since the last release.


18a. What should Developers do if the Product Owner is unavailable?

(choose the best answer)

A. Within the Sprint, the Developers make the best decisions possible to assure progress toward the Sprint Goal, re-aligning with the Product Owner once they are available again.
B. Wait until the Product Owner is available again.
C. Management should assign a substitute Product Owner to fill in when the Product Owner cannot be there.
D. Ask the Product Owner's manager to decide in the Product Owner's absence.


19a. True or False: The value delivered by a product can only be determined by revenue.

A. True
B. False


20a. How important is it for a Product Owner to order Product Backlog items by using value points?

(choose the best answer)

A. Calculating value points is a predictive approach that conflicts with the empiricism of Scrum, and is therefore not acceptable.
B. Using value points is the ultimate way for a Product Owner to predict the value that the product will provide.
C. The Product Owner may order the Product Backlog by using value points or select another technique, the decision is up to them.


21a. What are typical activities for a Product Owner in a Sprint?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Work with the Developers on Product Backlog refinement.
B. Attend every Daily Scrum to answer functional questions on the discussed Sprint Backlog items.
C. Update the work plan for the Developers on a daily basis.
D. Collaborate with stakeholders, user communities, and subject matter experts.
E. Create financial reporting upon the spent hours reported by the Scrum Team.


22a. What is the principal value of releasing an Increment?

(choose the best answer)

A. To learn about the forecast of functionality that was developed.
B. To validate assumptions made when developing the product.
C. To learn about the Scrum Team's productivity.


23a. Which two statements explain why the Definition of Done is important to the Product Owner?

(choose the best two answers)

A. It helps the Product Owner track the open work during a Sprint.
B. It establishes the expected quality of the Increment reviewed at the Sprint Review.
C. It creates transparency regarding progress within the Scrum Team.
D. It identifies undone work that can be addressed in a separate Sprint.


24a. How do timeboxes help the Product Owner and the other members of the Scrum Team validate assumptions, adapt, and maximize the value of their product?

(choose the best answer)

A. Timeboxes help by making sure a Sprint does not stop until all testing is done, and the work is verified by the Product Owner.
B. Timeboxes assure the Product Owner that the Developers will finish all work on the Sprint Backlog by the end of the Sprint.
C. Timeboxes help minimize risk by creating the opportunity to validate assumptions using feedback from users and the market; allowing Scrum Teams to inspect progress toward the Product Goal and decide whether to pivot or persevere.
D. At the end of each Sprint when the timebox expires a detailed report with all test cases and test results is available.


25a. The Product Owner's authority to change and update the Product Backlog is unlimited, except for:

(choose the best answer)

A. Technical and architectural work that needs to be done first, as indicated by the chief enterprise architect.
B. High impact changes that have not been approved by the change request board.
C. Decisions by the chief program manager.
D. Items the Scrum Master has identified as impediments.
E. There are no exceptions; the entire organization must respect a Product Owner's decisions.
F. Decisions by the CFO, the CEO or the board of directors.


26a. Adaptation requires regular inspection. In what ways does the Product Owner contribute to the results achieved by inspection ?

(choose the best two answers)

A. The Product Owner shares the current state of Product Backlog at the Sprint Review, which, combined with the inspection of the Increment, leads to an updated Product Backlog.
B. The Product Owner invites stakeholders to the Sprint Review to learn how the current state of the marketplace influences what is the most valuable thing to do next.
C. The Product Owner inspects the Sprint burn-down at the Daily Scrum for progress towards a complete Increment and re-planning the team's work.
D. The Product Owner verifies the Sprint Backlog for completeness at the end of Sprint Planning in order to allow the Sprint to start.


27a. To create focus which of the following are most important to have ready when Sprint Planning begins?

(choose the best two answers)

A. A Product Goal communicated by the Product Owner.
B. A clear and non-negotiable Sprint Goal.
C. A fully refined Product Backlog.
D. A clear cadence of when the Daily Scrum will take place.
E. A Product Backlog with the most important items ready for discussion.
F. Formal budget approval to conduct another Sprint.


28a. True or False: The Sprint Review is the only time at which stakeholder feedback is taken into account.

A. True
B. False


29a. A Product Owner is entitled to postpone the start of a new Sprint after the conclusion of a previous Sprint for the following reason:

(choose the best answer)

A. There is no acceptable reason. A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
B. The Quality Assurance department needs more time to make the previous Increment complete.
C. Not enough Product Backlog items are ready.
D. The Product Owner has not identified a Sprint Goal.
E. The stakeholders are not happy with the value produced in the previous Sprint.


1b. Why is it important that there is only one Product Owner per product?

(choose the best three answers)

A. It helps avoid barriers to effective communication and rapid decision-making.
B. The Scrum Master knows who acts as their backup while on vacation.
C. It would confuse the stakeholders if they had to work with more than one person.
D. The Scrum Team always knows who determines the order of the Product Backlog.
E. It is clear who is accountable for the ultimate value of the product.


2b. When does the next Sprint begin?

(choose the best answer)

A. When the Product Owner is ready.
B. Immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
C. The Monday following the Sprint Review.
D. Immediately following the next Sprint Planning.


3b. True or False: The Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable increment every Sprint.

A. True
B. False


4b. As the Sprint Planning progresses, the Developers realize that the workload may be greater than their capacity to complete the work. Which two are valid actions?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Recruit additional Developers before the work can begin.
B. The Developers ensure that the Scrum Team is aware, start the Sprint, and monitor progress.
C. The Developers work overtime during this Sprint.
D. Cancel the Sprint.
E. Remove or change selected Product Backlog items.


5b. Which two things should the Scrum Team do during the first Sprint?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Make up a plan for the rest of the project.
B. Define the major product features and a release plan architecture.
C. Analyze, describe, and document the requirements for the subsequent Sprints.
D. Build at least one piece of valuable functionality.
E. Create at least one valuable, useful Increment.


6b. What tactic should a Scrum Master use to divide a group of 100 people into multiple Scrum Teams?

(choose the best answer)

A. Create teams based on their skills across multiple layers (such as database, UI, etc.).
B. Ask the Product Owner to assign the people to teams.
C. Ask the people to divide themselves into teams.


7b. Which best describes the Product Backlog?

(choose the best answer)

A. It is baselined to follow change management processes.
B. It contains all foreseeable tasks and requirements from which the Scrum Team can develop and maintain a complete project plan.
C. It is allowed to grow and change as more is learned about the product and its customers.
D. It provides just enough information to enable a Scrum Team to start the design phase of a product.


8b. What is the purpose of a Sprint Review?

(choose the best answer)

A. To take time to judge the validity of the project.
B. To inspect the product Increment with the stakeholders and collect feedback on next steps.
C. To review the Scrum Team's activities and processes during the Sprint.
D. To build team spirit.


9b. True or False: Product Owners must create clear and unambiguous acceptance criteria for each Product Backlog item before it may be selected in Sprint Planning.

A. True
B. False


10b. True or False: A Product Owner with multiple teams working on one product should maintain separate Product Backlogs for each team.

A. True
B. False


11b. Your management has asked you to take the lead in the development of a new product. Six teams new to Scrum will build this product. You have gathered a number of requirements and ideas into an early form of a Product Backlog. How would you minimize dependencies between the Scrum Teams?

(choose the best answer)

A. You divide Product Backlog items among the six Product Owners.
B. You raise this as an impediment with the Scrum Master.
C. You work with the Developers on how to best analyze and break apart the work.
D. You identify the dependencies and re-order the Product Backlog for the other five Product Owners.
E. You create an independent Product Backlog per Scrum Team.


12b. When should the Product Owner update the project plan?

(choose the best answer)

A. After the Daily Scrum to ensure an accurate daily overview of project progress.
B. The project plan must be updated prior to the Sprint Retrospective.
C. The Product Backlog is the plan in Scrum. It is updated as new information and insights emerge.
D. Before the Sprint Planning to know how much work will have to be done in the Sprint.


13b. True or False: The Product Owner should have the entire Product Backlog documented in detail before the first Sprint can start?

A. True
B. False


14b. Which is NOT a valid consideration when ordering a Product Backlog?

(choose the best answer)

A. Risk.
B. Dependencies on other Product Backlog items.
C. Alignment with business strategy and goals.
D. Importance to customers.
E. Tools and techniques.


15b. True or False: The value delivered by a product can only be determined by revenue.

A. True
B. False


16b. During a Sprint Retrospective, the Developers propose moving the Daily Scrum to only occur on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Which two are the most appropriate responses for the Scrum Master to recommend?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Coach the team on why the Daily Scrum is important as an opportunity to update the plan.
B. Consider the request and decide on which days the Daily Scrum should occur.
C. Learn why the Developers want this and work with them to improve the outcome of the Daily Scrum.
D. Acknowledge and support the self-managing team's decision.
E. Have the Developers vote.


17b. When must the Product Owner participate in the Daily Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. When there are impediments to discuss.
B. When the Product Owner needs to represent the stakeholders' point of view to the Developers.
C. When the Scrum Master asks the Product Owner to attend.
D. When the Product Owner is actively working on items on the Sprint Backlog; however, they participate as a Developer.


18b. An organization has decided to adopt Scrum, but management wants to change the terminology to fit with terminology already used. What will likely happen if this is done?

(choose the best answer)

A. Without a new vocabulary as a reminder of the change, very little change may actually happen.
B. The organization may not understand what has changed within Scrum and the benefits of Scrum may be lost.
C. Management may feel less anxious.
D. All answers apply.


19b. Why do the Developers need a Sprint Goal?

(choose the best answer)

A. A Sprint Goal ensures that all of the Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint are implemented.
B. Sprint Goals are not valuable. Everything is known from the Product Backlog.
C. A Sprint Goal only gives purpose to Sprint 0.
D. The Developers are more focused with a common yet specific goal.


20b. A Sprint Retrospective should be held:

(choose the best answer)

A. Only when the Scrum Team determines it needs one.
B. At the end of each Sprint.
C. At the end of the last Sprint in a project or a release.
D. At the beginning of each Sprint.


21b. The IT manager asks a Scrum Team for a status report describing the progress throughout the Sprint. The Scrum Team asks the Scrum Master for advice. The Scrum Master should:

(choose the best answer)

A. Talk to the IT manager and explain that progress in Scrum comes from inspecting an Increment at the Sprint Review.
B. Tell the Scrum Team to figure it out themselves.
C. Tell the Developers to fit the report into the Sprint Backlog.
D. Create and deliver the report to the manager herself.
E. Ask the Product Owner to send the manager the report.


22b. A product's success is measured by:

(choose the best three answers)

A. The impact on revenue.
B. The impact on cost.
C. The impact on customer satisfaction.
D. The delivery of upfront defined scope compared to the upfront planned time.
E. The impact on my performance rating.
F. The impact on my boss's mood.


23b. True or False: When there are multiple teams working on one product, each Scrum Team should have a separate Product Owner.

A. True
B. False


24b. All Scrum artifacts must be transparent to ensure sufficient accuracy of inspection. Which two measures ensure that the Product Backlog is transparent?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Each Product Backlog item has a MOSCOW priority.
B. The Product Backlog only has work for the next 2 Sprints.
C. The Product Backlog is ordered.
D. The Product Backlog is managed using a web-based tool.
E. The Product Backlog is available to all stakeholders.


25b. The Product Owner is the person who will be held accountable if a product does not achieve its goals or deliver value. Does this mean that the Product Owner has final say over the Definition of Done?

(choose the best answer)

A. Yes, the Product Owner decides the Definition of Done. The Developers may be consulted.
B. No, the Scrum Team decides the Definition of Done, if it is not a standard of the organization. The Product Owner is just one member of the Scrum Team.


26b. Who starts the Daily Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. The person coming in last. This encourages people to be on time and helps to stay within the timebox.
B. The Scrum Master. This ensures that the Developers have the event, and it stays within the timebox.
C. The person who has the token.
D. The Product Owner.
E. Whoever the Developers decide should start.


27b. Which of the following are true about the length of the Sprint?

(choose the best answer)

A. Sprint length is determined during Sprint Planning, and should be long enough to make sure the Scrum Team can deliver what is to be accomplished in the upcoming Sprint
B. The length of the Sprint should be proportional to the work that is done in between Sprints.
C. Sprint length is determined during Sprint Planning, and should hold the time it will take to build the planned features in the upcoming Sprint, but does not include time for any testing.
D. All Sprints must be one month or less.


28b. True or False: All planned work for the Product done by the Scrum Team must originate from the Product Backlog.

A. True
B. False


29b. What are three advantages of a Product Owner sharing a clearly defined Product Goal with the Scrum Team?

(choose the best three answers)

A. It helps the Scrum Team keep focus and they can weigh any decision against the Product Goal
B. It provides a good overall direction so Sprints will feel less like isolated pieces of work.
C. It is not mandatory in Scrum. There is no real advantage.
D. It helps the Developers estimate the date that the Product Backlog will be complete.
E. It is easier to inspect incremental progress at the Sprint Review.


30b. A Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product that is the result of the work of the Scrum Team. Which of the following can be delegated to others, while the Product Owner remains accountable for the work?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Developing and communicating the Product Goal.
B. Attending the Sprint Retrospective.
C. Attending the Sprint Review.
D. Ordering Product Backlog items.


31b. The Scrum Master observes the Product Owner struggling with ordering the Product Backlog. What is an appropriate action for the Scrum Master to take?

(choose the best answer)

A. Suggest that the Developers order the Product Backlog to be sure that it is a feasible ordering of work.
B. Suggest the Product Owner extend the Sprint, so he can have more time to order the Product Backlog.
C. Present the Product Owner with an ordered Product Backlog to use.
D. Encourage the Product Owner to work with the Developers to see which items technically are fastest to implement.
E. Offer the Product Owner help in understanding that the goal of ordering the Product Backlog is to maximize value.


32b. How often should customer satisfaction be measured?

(choose the best answer)

A. Daily.
B. Frequently.
C. Annually.
D. Quarterly.


33b. If Product Backlog refinement is needed, when is the ideal time for refinement to take place and who should participate?

(choose the best two answers)

A. The Product Owner must do this as essential work in Sprint 0.
B. The Scrum Team on an ongoing basis, defining Product Backlog items into smaller more precise items that are ready for selection.
C. The Product Owner takes the time between the end of one Sprint and the start of the next Sprint to complete refinement.
D. Business analysts in the organization should do this work for the Scrum Team 1-2 Sprints ahead of the development Sprints.
E. The Scrum Team during the current Sprint, if they have been unable during preceding Sprints to define Product Backlog items with enough precision to begin work.


34b. When multiple Scrum Teams are working on the same product, should all of their Increments be integrated every Sprint?

(choose the best answer)

A. No, each Scrum Team stands alone.
B. No, that is far too hard and must be done in a hardening Sprint.
C. Yes, but only for Scrum Teams whose work has dependencies.
D. Yes, in order to accurately inspect what is done.


35b. How is management that is external to the Scrum Team involved in the Daily Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. Managers are not required at the Daily Scrum.
B. Management gives an update at the start of each Daily Scrum.
C. The Product Owner represents their opinions.
D. The Scrum Master speaks on their behalf.


36b. Who does the work to make sure Product Backlog items conform to the Definition of Done?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Scrum Team.
B. The Quality Assurance Team.
C. The Developers.
D. The Product Owner.
E. The Scrum Master.


37b. Scrum requires that the Product Owner must use which of the following items?

(choose all that apply)

A. Burndown chart.
B. Feature burn-up.
C. Critical Path Analysis.
D. Project Gantt chart.
E. None of the above.


38b. True or False: During the Sprint Review the stakeholder's role is to reorder the Product Backlog.

A. True
B. False


39b. True or False: The Product Owner makes sure the correct stakeholders are invited to the Sprint Retrospective. They might have important instructions for team improvements.

A. True
B. False


40b. A Scrum Team has been working on a product for 9 Sprints. A new Product Owner who is new to Scrum joins the team and understands she is accountable for the Product Backlog. However, she is unsure about the purpose of the Product Backlog. She has read that the Product Backlog should be a list of all user features for the product. She goes to the Scrum Master asking where to put the other types of requirements that are going to be taken into account. Are all of the following types of requirements acceptable on a Product Backlog?
• Stability requirements
• Performance requirements
• Product Functionality
• Documentation
• Fixes

(choose the best answer)

A. Yes, they all belong on the Product Backlog. The Product Backlog is supposed to be the "single source of truth" for all the work for the product.
B. No. Product Backlog is a tool for the Product Owner. The Product Owner represents the users and stakeholders. Other types of requirements should be managed separately by the Developers. They are not the Product Owner's concern.


41b. True or False: Product Owners must specify complete acceptance criteria for a Product Backlog item before the Developers can select the item in Sprint Planning.

A. True
B. False


42b. At the end of a Sprint, a Product Backlog item worked on during the Sprint does not meet the Definition of Done. What two things should happen with the undone Product Backlog item?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Do not include the item in the Increment this Sprint.
B. Review the item, add the done part of the estimate to the velocity and create a Story for the remaining work.
C. Put it on the Product Backlog for the Product Owner to decide what to do with it.
D. If the stakeholders agree, the Product Owner can accept it and release it to the users.


43b. Who is on the Scrum Team?

(choose all that apply)

A. Scrum Master.
B. Product Owner.
C. Developers.
D. Project Manager.
E. None of the above.


44b. True or False: A Product Owner is essentially the same thing as a traditional Project Manager.

A. True
B. False


45b. What is a Product Owner typically responsible for during a Sprint?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Creating financial reporting upon the spent hours reported by the Developers.
B. Collaborating with stakeholders, users, and customers.
C. Updating the work plan for the Developers on a daily basis.
D. Working with the Scrum Team on Product Backlog refinement.
E. Nothing.
F. Attending every Daily Scrum to answer questions about the Sprint Backlog items.


46b. What is the Product Owner responsible for during the Sprint Retrospective?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Product Owner should not take part in Sprint Retrospective.
B. Summarizing and reporting the discussions to the stakeholders that they represent in the Scrum Team.
C. Capturing requirements for the Product Backlog.
D. Participating as a Scrum Team member.


47b. Five new Scrum Teams have been created to build one product. A few of the Developers on one of the Scrum Teams ask the Scrum Master how to coordinate their work with the other teams. What should the Scrum Master do?

(choose the best answer)

A. Visit the five teams each day to inspect that their Sprint Backlogs are aligned.
B. Collect the Sprint tasks from the teams at the end of their Sprint Planning and merge that into a consolidated plan for the entire Sprint.
C. Teach the Product Owner to work with the lead developers on ordering Product Backlog in a way to avoid too much overlap during a Sprint.
D. Teach them that it is their responsibility to work with the other teams to create an integrated Increment that is inclusive of all five team's work.


48b. What is the responsibility of the Product Owner in crafting the Sprint Goal?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Product Owner cannot attend Sprint Planning without having documented the Sprint Goal in advance.
B. The Product Owner defines the scope for a Sprint and therefore also the Sprint Goal.
C. The Product Owner should come to Sprint Planning with a business objective in mind and work with the Developers to craft the Sprint Goal.
D. The Product Owner must work with stakeholders to set each Sprint's Goal.
E. The Product Owner has no responsibility for the Sprint Goal. It is the sole responsibility of the Developers.


49b. True or False: A Product Owner should measure product value by the increase in the team's velocity.

A. True
B. False


50b. True or False: Dependencies could influence how the Product Owner orders Product Backlog items.

A. True
B. False


51b. Which metrics will help a Product Owner determine if a product is delivering value?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Productivity.
B. Percentage of scope implemented.
C. Velocity.
D. Customer satisfaction.
E. Time to market.


52b. What might indicate to a Product Owner that she needs to work more with the Scrum Team?

(choose the best answer)

A. People leave the Scrum Team.
B. The acceptance criteria do not appear to be complete.
C. She is not working full time with the Scrum team.
D. The Increment presented at the Sprint Review does not reflect what she thought she had asked for.


53b. True or False: Cross-functional teams are optimized to work on one component or layer of a system only.

A. True
B. False


54b. Which statement best describes Scrum?

(choose the best answer)

A. A cookbook that defines best practices for software development.
B. A complete methodology that defines how to develop software.
C. A framework to generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems.
D. A defined and predictive process that conforms to the principles of Scientific Management.


55b. What three things might a Scrum Product Owner focus on to ensure the product delivers value?

(choose the best three answers)

A. Direct customer feedback.
B. Minimizing changes to project scope.
C. Velocity is increasing over time.
D. How much of the functionality of the product is being used.
E. How quickly or easily the product can be absorbed and used by its customers.


56b. A Product Backlog is:

(choose the best three answers)

A. An inventory of things to be done for the Product.
B. Managed by the Product Owner.
C. Ordered based on priority, value, dependencies, and risk.
D. An exhaustive list of upfront approved requirements to be implemented.
E. Only visible to the Product Owner and stakeholders.


57b. When Developers are having trouble delivering an Increment because they do not understand a functional requirement, what should they do?

(choose the best answer)

A. Collaborate with the Product Owner to determine what is possible and acceptable.
B. Partially complete the functionality, and discuss the remaining work at the Sprint Review.
C. Add a specialist to the Development Team.
D. Defer the work to a more appropriate Sprint.


58b. The job of a Product Owner focuses on the following:

(choose the best two answers)

A. Writing clear, transparent User Stories.
B. Clearly communicating project or release status and strategies to customers and stakeholders.
C. Working with customers and stakeholders to identify the most valuable product requirements.
D. Being with the Scrum Team all the time, just in case they need me to clarify a requirement.


59b. Which three of the following are feedback loops in Scrum?

(choose the best three answers)

A. Release Planning.
B. Daily Scrum.
C. Sprint Retrospective.
D. Refinement Meeting.
E. Sprint Review.


60b. You are the Scrum Master for four Scrum Teams working from the same Product Backlog. Several of the developers come to you complaining that work identified for the upcoming two Sprints will require full-time commitment from a specialist who is external to the teams. What should the Scrum Master consider in this situation?

(choose the best two answers)

A. The need to have enough work to keep all Developers busy.
B. The benefit of Developers figuring out a solution for themselves.
C. The desire to maintain a stable velocity.
D. The ability of the Scrum Teams to produce integrated Increments.


61b. Who is accountable for creating a valuable and usable Increment each Sprint?

(choose the best answer)

A. The CEO.
B. The Scrum Team.
C. The Product Owner.
D. The Developers.
E. The Scrum Master.


62b. Which of the following are criteria to order Product Backlog items?
(choose all that apply)

A. Value of Product Backlog items.
B. Dependencies between Product Backlog items.
C. Dependencies to other products.
D. The availability of the Scrum Master.
E. All of the above.


63b. Why would you expect a Product Owner to care that the Scrum Team adheres to its Definition of Done?

(choose the best two answers)

A. The Definition of Done can affect the product's total cost of ownership.
B. The Product Owner should not concern themselves with meeting the Definition of Done, it is the Developer's responsibility.
C. To forecast the team's productivity over time.
D. To have complete transparency into what has been done at the end of each Sprint.
E. To be able to punish the team when they do not meet their velocity goal for the Sprint.


64b. Scrum is based on empiricism. All of its artifacts must be transparent to ensure sufficient accuracy of inspection. How can the Scrum Team maintain the Product Backlog to maximize its transparency?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Product Backlog is only updated at the Sprint Review, when both the Scrum Team and the stakeholders are available.
B. Product Backlog items should hold no more than 8 points of work, which is the average in the range of acceptable sizes of 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 13.
C. Product Backlog items must be sized such that the highest ordered items are no bigger than a Sprint.
D. The Product Backlog is only updated at a release planning meeting with the stakeholders and the change control board present.
E. The Product Backlog is continually kept up to date with the most recent insights.


65b. In order to maximize the value of the product, a Product Owner needs awareness of the following:

(choose the best answer)

A. Competitive research.
B. Customer feedback.
C. Product vision.
D. Forecasting & feasibility.
E. All of the above.
F. None of the above.


66b. One of the Scrum events is the Daily Scrum. What are two intended outcomes of the Daily Scrum?

(choose the best two answers)

A. A status report for the upper management indicating what each individual has done, will be doing, and what is impeding him/her.
B. Identification of impediments that may prevent the Developers from achieving the Sprint Goal.
C. A shared understanding of the most important work to be undertaken next to achieve the best possible progress toward the Sprint goal.
D. An updated Scrum board to make Sprint progress transparent for the stakeholders.
E. An update of completed tasks and of the remaining work so the Scrum Master can plan the next day.


67b. True or False: The Product Owner must write all of the Product Backlog items (e.g. user stories, requirements, etc.) on the Product Backlog before handing them over to the Scrum Team.

A. True
B. False


68b. Who has the final decision about the order of items in the Product Backlog?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Stakeholders.
B. The Product Owner.
C. The Scrum Team.
D. The Developers.
E. The Scrum Master.


69b. Which of the following practices might help the Product Owner minimize waste in developing and sustaining the Product Backlog?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Remove items from the Product Backlog that have not been addressed in a long time.
B. Hand off ownership of the Product Backlog to someone else.
C. Avoid distracting the Scrum Team by maintaining newly gathered Product Backlog items in a separate Product Backlog until they are fully understood.
D. Only fully describe Product Backlog items when it seems likely they will be implemented.


70b. How much time must a Product Owner spend with the Developers?

(choose the best answer)

A. As much time as the Developers tell the Product Owner to be present.
B. 100%
C. Enough so that the Product Owner is confident the Increment will meet the intended value.
D. 40%, or more if the stakeholders agree.


71b. When does the second Sprint start?

(choose the best answer)

A. Once the architectural changes for the second Sprint are approved by the senior architect.
B. After the Product Backlog items for the second Sprint have been selected.
C. Immediately after the first Sprint.
D. After the customer completes acceptance testing of the first Sprint.


72b. Which of these may a Scrum Team deliver at the end of a Sprint?

(choose the best answer)

A. A single document, if that is what management asked for.
B. Failing unit tests, to identify acceptance tests for the next Sprint.
C. A valuable, useful Increment that meets the Definition of Done.
D. An Increment of software with minor known bugs in it.


73b. True or False: Sprint Reviews are an opportunity to collect stakeholder feedback.

A. True
B. False


74b. What typically happens if the Product Backlog is not sufficiently clear at Sprint Planning?

(choose the best answer)

A. Nothing in particular.
B. The Scrum Master should not allow this to happen. Look for a new Scrum Master and re-start the Sprint.
C. The Developers will find it difficult to create a Sprint forecast they are confident they can meet.
D. The Product Owner should select the Sprint Goal for the Scrum Team so that work can begin.
E. Sprint Planning is canceled so refinement can be done first.


75b. In the middle of the Sprint, the customer decides that there are two new features she wants. The Product Owner could:

(choose the best two answers)

A. Introduce these features at the next Daily Scrum.
B. Have the Scrum Master add these features to the current Sprint.
C. Add these features to the Product Backlog.
D. Ask the Developers to consider whether they can add these features to the current Sprint without endangering the Sprint Goal.


76b. During the Sprint Retrospective a Scrum Team has identified several high priority process improvements. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

(choose the best answer)

A. The Scrum Team should decline to add a process improvement to the Sprint Backlog when things are running smoothly.
B. The Scrum Team should choose at least one high priority process improvement to place in the Product Backlog.
C. The Scrum Master selects the most important process improvement and places it in the Sprint Backlog
D. The Scrum Team may add the items to the Sprint Backlog for the next Sprint.


77b. A Project Manager working with your Scrum Team has raised concerns about progress and money spent. What are the two best responses?

(choose the best two answers)

A. Promote transparency by sharing the Product Backlog and ensuring the Project Manager has access.
B. Have a discussion with the Project Manager; share the current impediments and forecast for the Sprint.
C. Show the Earned Value Analysis (EVA) report.
D. Scrum does not have Project Managers so disregard their concerns.
E. Share the last stakeholder briefing document prepared by the Product Owner.


78b. What is the timebox for the Sprint Planning event?

(choose the best answer)

A. 4 hours for a one-month Sprint.
B. Monthly.
C. 8 hours for a one-month Sprint.
D. Whenever it is done.


79b. The "cone of uncertainty" can be used to do what?

(choose the best answer)

A. Illustrate that as a project forecast lengthens, it is increasingly less certain.
B. Determine the cost of a project before it begins.
C. Determine whether to cut quality, similar to the "Iron Triangle" of project management.
D. Determine the length of the next Sprint.


80b. The Developers find out during the Sprint that they are not likely to build everything they forecast. What would you expect a Product Owner to do?

(choose the best answer)

A. Inform management that more Developers re needed.
B. Re-work the selected Product Backlog items with the Developers to meet the Sprint Goal.
C. Cancel the Sprint.
D. Skip Product Backlog refinement activities.
E. Change the Sprint Goal.